Qualifying for Medicaid often means reducing your countable assets below a certain threshold, which varies by state but is usually $2,000 or less for individuals applying for long-term care. However, you must follow strict rules to avoid penalties and ensure eligibility. Here's a guide to legally reducing your assets and qualifying for Medicaid:
1. Understand What Counts as an Asset
Countable assets include:
Cash and savings
Investments and stocks
Retirement accounts (in many states)
Extra vehicles
Real estate other than your primary home
Non-countable (exempt) assets may include:
One primary residence (if you live in it or intend to return)
One car
Personal belongings and household goods
A burial plot and limited life insurance
2. Spend Down Assets Legally
To reduce assets to the Medicaid limit without triggering penalties:
Prepay funeral expenses via irrevocable burial trusts
Make home improvements (roofing, HVAC, accessibility upgrades)
Pay off debt (mortgage, credit cards)
Purchase exempt assets (like a vehicle)
Buy medical devices or durable medical equipment
Avoid giving cash gifts or transferring property unless you're outside the 5-year look-back period.
3. Set Up a Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT)
A MAPT is an irrevocable trust used to protect assets like a home or savings. Key points:
Assets must be placed in the trust at least 5 years before applying
You can’t access the principal, but you can receive income from it
The assets in the trust are not counted for Medicaid eligibility
4. Apply with Spousal Protections (If Married)
If one spouse applies and the other does not, the non-applicant (community spouse) is allowed to retain:
A portion of the couple’s assets (Community Spouse Resource Allowance)
A monthly income (Minimum Monthly Maintenance Needs Allowance)
This protects the healthy spouse from becoming impoverished.